Effects on Mother
Söderquist, J., Wijma, B., Thorbert, G., & Wijma, K. (2009). Risk factors in pregnancy for post-traumatic stress and depression after childbirth. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 116(5), 672–80. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02083.x
Söderquist, J., Wijma, K., & Wijma, B. (2004). Traumatic stress in late pregnancy. Journal of anxiety disorders, 18(2), 127–42. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00242-6
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Later Effects on Child Exposed to Prenatal Stress
Yehuda, R., Engel, S. M., Brand, S. R., Seckl, J., Marcus, S. M., & Berkowitz, G. S. (2005). Transgenerational effects of posttraumatic stress disorder in babies of mothers exposed to the World Trade Center attacks during pregnancy. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 90(7), 4115–8. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0550
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Dad's Distress May Make for Troubled Toddler
By Cole Petrochko, Staff Writer, MedPage Today January 07, 2013 Reviewed by Robert Jasmer, MD; Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco and Dorothy Caputo, MA, BSN, RN, Nurse Planner Researchers found:
A Norwegian cohort found paternal psychological distress was associated with a small but positive risk of a child developing behavioral difficulties (P=0.02), emotional difficulties (P<0.001), and impaired social functioning at age 36 months (P=0.007), according to Anne Lise Kvalevaag, PhD candidate, of Helse Fonna HF in Haugesund, Norway, and colleagues. |
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